Comparison of Autografts and Biodegradable 3D-Printed Composite Scaffolds with Osteoconductive Properties for Tissue Regeneration in Bone Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis remains one of the major health problems worldwide. Besides lungs, tuberculosis affects other organs, including bones and joints. In case bone tuberculosis, current treatment protocols include necrectomy in combination with conventional anti-tuberculosis therapy, followed by reconstruction resulting defects. this study, we compared autografting implantation a biodegradable composite scaffold for bone-defect regeneration rabbit model. Porous three-dimensional materials were prepared 3D printing consisted poly(ε-caprolactone) filled nanocrystalline cellulose modified poly(glutamic acid). addition, mesenchymal stem cells adhered to surface scaffolds. The developed model was verified immunological subcutaneous test, real-time polymerase chain reaction, biochemical markers histomorphological study. Infected animals randomly divided into three groups, representing infection control two experimental groups subjected necrectomy, treatment, plastic surgery using autografts or 3D-composite lifetime observation analysis various at different time periods allowed comparison state between groups. Micro-computed tomography enabled evaluation osteogenesis, inflammation cellular changes respectively.